Appraising an infrastructure investment
- Social benefits and costs in economic viability
- External effects in project appraisal
- Comparing alternatives that achieve the same service objective
- Optimism bias in demand and cost forecasts
- Commercial viability from cash flows, returns and risk
- Affordability of government support for a project
- Value for money in choosing a procurement model
- Risk-adjusted public-sector comparator
- Limits of quantitative procurement comparisons