UPSC · Prelims and Mains
Ancient and Medieval History, Art and Culture
← Guptas, Vakatakas and post-Gupta north IndiaGupta economy and society
- Vishti: forced labour treated as a source of state income, common in Madhya Pradesh and Kathiawar records
- Land measures kulyavapa, dronavapa, adhavapa; agrahara grants; copper-plate charters
- Trade and ports of the Gupta age: Tamralipti, Ghantasala, Kadura, Chaul, Bharuch; decline of Roman trade
- Varna and proliferation of jatis, first sati record (Eran 510 CE), women's property and status
- Bhagavata Vaishnavism as court religion, tolerance to Buddhism and Jainism, temple building
