Civil Services Prep

Prelims 2021 · Economy · Question 7

Consider the following:<br/>1. Foreign currency convertible bonds<br/>2. Foreign institutional investment with certain conditions<br/>3. Global depository receipts<br/>4. Non-resident external deposits<br/><br/>Which of the above can be included in Foreign Direct Investments?

  1. 1, 2 and 3
  2. 3 only
  3. 2 and 4
  4. 1 and 4

Answer

1, 2 and 3

1. Foreign currency convertible bonds — FCCBs are treated as capital inflows linked to foreign investment and are counted under FDI-related components in standard Indian external sector classification. Verdict: Included.

2. Foreign institutional investment with certain conditions — FII is normally portfolio investment, not FDI; but where it satisfies the prescribed conditions/threshold for strategic ownership, it can be treated within FDI. Verdict: Included with conditions.

3. Global depository receipts — GDR proceeds represent foreign investment in equity of Indian companies and are included in FDI-related inflows in this context. Verdict: Included.

4. Non-resident external deposits — NRE deposits are banking liabilities/debt flows, not direct investment in productive assets. Verdict: Not included.

Therefore, the correct set is 1, 2 and 3.

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