In India, the problem of soil erosion is associated with which of the following? 1. Terrace cultivation 2. Deforestation 3. Tropical climate. Select the correct answer using the code given below.

1. Terrace cultivation — Terrace farming is a soil conservation method used on slopes; it reduces runoff and erosion. Verdict: Incorrect.

2. Deforestation — Removal of vegetation exposes topsoil to wind and water action, increasing erosion. Verdict: Correct.

3. Tropical climate — Tropical regions often have heavy rainfall, but climate itself is not generally listed as the direct cause in this standard framing; the key associated factor here is deforestation. Verdict: Incorrect.

So, only statement 2 is correct. Answer: (b) 2 only.