Political associations before 1885
- Unifying administration, railways and press, western education, economic exploitation, racial arrogance, Lytton's measures
- Bengal associations
- Bombay and madras associations
- Naoroji's East India Association 1866 in London and the London Indian Society
- Reduction of ICS age to 19 in 1876, Surendranath Banerjea's campaign and the first all-India political agitation