UPSC · Prelims and Mains
Modern Indian History
← Early nationalism and the CongressFoundation of the Congress and the Moderate phase 1885-1905
- A.O. Hume, Bombay session December 1885 with W.C. Bonnerjee presiding, safety-valve myth versus the reality of a national forum
- Constitutional agitation, petitions and resolutions, demands for council reform, Indianisation of services, separation of powers, reduced military spending
- Indian Councils Act 1892, economic critique, political education; narrow social base and faith in British justice
- Early presidents and firsts
- Lala Lajpat Rai: biographies of Mazzini, Garibaldi, Shivaji and Shrikrishna, years in America, Servants of the People Society 1921, Central Legislative Assembly member
- Colonial hostility to the early Congress: official denunciations, loyalist associations and divide-and-rule
