Prelims 2020 · Modern History and the Freedom Struggle · Question 13
Indigo cultivation in India declined by the beginning of the 20th century because of
Answer
its unprofitability in the world market because of new inventions
- (a) Peasant resistance like the Indigo Revolt (1859-60) exposed planter oppression, but this was not the main reason for the overall decline by the early 20th century. Verdict: Incorrect.
- (b) Indigo cultivation became commercially unviable after the invention and spread of synthetic dyes in Europe, especially German chemical dyes. This sharply reduced demand for natural indigo. Verdict: Correct.
- (c) National leaders did oppose planter exploitation in some regions, but this was not the principal cause of the crop's decline across India. Verdict: Incorrect.
- (d) There was no decisive government control over planters that caused the decline of indigo cultivation. Verdict: Incorrect.
Correct Answer: (b)