Geography

Concepts to cover

1. Primitive subsistence, intensive subsistence, commercial, plantation and mixed farming (crops with livestock rearing)
2. Dryland farming (below 75 cm rain: millets, pulses) and wetland farming (rice, jute, sugarcane)
3. Irrigated versus rainfed area: about half of net sown area irrigated; regional pattern
4. Green Revolution: HYV seeds, irrigation and fertiliser in Punjab, Haryana, western Uttar Pradesh; later spread
5. Agro-climatic zones and agricultural regionalisation
6. Problems: monsoon dependence, low productivity, small holdings, land degradation, indebtedness