Rock-cut architecture: chaityas, viharas and cave complexes

Concepts to cover

1. Chaitya as the apsidal worship hall with a stupa; vihara as the residential hall with cells
2. Bhaja, Karle, Kanheri, Nasik (Pandulena), Junnar, Kondane, Bedsa: Hinayana phase, wooden prototypes
3. Ajanta (Satavahana and Vakataka phases, Waghora gorge), Ellora (Buddhist, Hindu, Jain; Kailasa), Bagh, Aurangabad caves
4. Udayagiri and Khandagiri (Kharavela), Sittanavasal (Pandya, Jain), Ellora Jain group, Badami cave 4, Gwalior
5. Udayagiri (Vidisha) Varaha, Elephanta, Badami, Mamallapuram mandapas and rathas, Undavalli, Masrur
6. Sequence: Barabar (earliest), western Deccan Hinayana, Ajanta Mahayana, Badami and Ellora; Badami not the oldest