Ancient, medieval & culture

Concepts to cover

1. Sarnath school Buddha (Dharmachakrapravartana), Sultanganj bronze, Deogarh Sheshashayi Vishnu; Gupta as classical idiom
2. Udayagiri caves near Vidisha (Bhilsa, Madhya Pradesh): Varaha rescuing Bhudevi (Gupta, c. 400 CE), not Mount Abu
3. Arjuna's Penance or Descent of the Ganga on boulders at Mamallapuram; rathas; Mahishasuramardini mandapa
4. Elephanta Maheshamurti (Trimurti), Ellora Kailasa Ravana shaking Kailasa, Ajanta cave 26 Mahaparinirvana
5. Tribhanga (three bends) posture; Khajuraho and Konark figures; Chalukya, Hoysala and Pala styles
6. Relative dating used by the exam: Dhauli elephant (Maurya) before Udayagiri Varaha (Gupta) before Mamallapuram (Pallava) before Lingaraja (Somavamshi)
7. Nalanda and Pala sculpture: Gupta inheritance, three-dimensional figures and later Vajrayana iconography